Journal: Cancer Science
Article Title: Epstein‐Barr virus latent membrane protein‐1 upregulates autophagy and promotes viability in Hodgkin lymphoma: Implications for targeted therapy
doi: 10.1111/cas.14833
Figure Lengend Snippet: LMP1 increases autophagy in HL cells and helps HL cells adapt to starvation‐induced autophagic stress. A, Expression patterns of LMP1 in LCL, parental EBV‐negative L428 or KM‐H2 cell lines. The cell lines (LCL, L428, and KM‐H2) were blotted with antibodies against LMP1 and GAPDH. GAPDH served as the loading control. B, Expression of LMP1 and autophagic markers in PBMCs infected with EBV. The samples from parental PBMCs, EBV‐infected newly formed (#1) and long‐termed (#2) LCLs were blotted with αLMP1 (LMP1) and αLC3 (LC3‐I and ‐II) antibodies. The red numbers represent relative band intensities normalized by GAPDH. C, Expression of autophagic markers in L428‐LMP1 (left) and KM‐H2‐EBV (right) cells. C, left panel, The LMP1‐transfected L428 cells had undergone stable selection and show expression of LMP1 but not EBNA1 or EBNA2. Stably transfected L428 cells with a GFP‐expressing vector served as the nonexpressing control. LMP1 transfection increased LC3‐II expression but decreased expression of other autophagic proteins. C, right panel, KM‐H2‐EBV cells expressed EBNA1 but not LMP1 or EBNA2. Stably‐transfected KM‐H2 cells with a GFP‐expressing vector served as the nonexpressing control. EBV type I latency program augmented Atg7 expression but attenuated expression of LC3‐II, Atg5 and Beclin 1. The red numbers represent the relative band intensity of LC3‐II normalized by GAPDH. D, The changes in autophagic markers induced by starvation in L428 HL cells. The L428‐GFP and L428‐LMP1 cells (each 2 × 10 5 cells) were cultured in 100 μL of 2.5% FBS medium for 72 h. The samples were harvested at respective time points and assayed by blotting with antibodies against Beclin1, Atg7, Atg5, p62, LC3, and GAPDH. The numbers represent the relative band intensities normalized by GAPDH (red for LC3‐II). The changes of LC3‐II ratio (starvation divided by nonstarvation) are plotted. Other autophagic proteins show a similar trend with LC3‐II. E, Stable cell lines (L428‐GFP and L428‐LMP1) were stained by αLC3 antibody on immunofluorescence, which shows more LC3‐II signals (red) in L428‐LMP than those in L428‐GFP cells (31/383 = 8.1% vs 9/449 = 2.0%, P < .001; blue, DAPI for nuclear staining)
Article Snippet: The EBV‐negative HL cell lines L428 and KM‐H2 (DSMZ) were grown in RPMI‐1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone).
Techniques: Expressing, Control, Infection, Transfection, Selection, Stable Transfection, Plasmid Preparation, Cell Culture, Staining, Immunofluorescence